Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed arrived in Mogadishu today, where he was warmly received by Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud. The visit aims to reinforce bilateral ties, with discussions set to focus on security cooperation, economic collaboration, and strengthening diplomatic relations, according to Somalia’s state news agency, SONNA.
This marks Abiy’s first visit to Somalia in nearly three years, his last trip being in June 2022 when he attended President Mohamud’s inauguration. His return to Mogadishu comes at a critical time as both nations work to mend their relationship following recent tensions.
Tensions Over Somaliland and Diplomatic Reconciliation
Relations between Ethiopia and Somalia took a sharp downturn in early 2024 after Addis Ababa signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Somaliland in January. The deal granted Ethiopia access to the Red Sea via Somaliland’s Berbera port, with Somaliland claiming that Ethiopia had agreed in principle to recognize its independence. The agreement sparked strong opposition from Somalia, which considers Somaliland an integral part of its territory. Mogadishu denounced the deal as a violation of its sovereignty, leading to a diplomatic rift between the two nations.
In response to the escalating tensions, diplomatic efforts—led by regional and international mediators, including Turkey—helped bring the two sides back to the table. A peace agreement brokered by Turkey in December paved the way for reconciliation, and in January 2025, Ethiopia and Somalia officially restored diplomatic ties.
Focus on Security, Trade, and Regional Stability
PM Abiy’s visit is seen as a significant step in consolidating this renewed partnership. Security cooperation remains a priority for both countries, given the ongoing threat posed by Al-Shabaab, the extremist group that continues to launch attacks in Somalia and across the Horn of Africa. Ethiopia has historically played a crucial role in supporting Somalia’s counterterrorism efforts, with Ethiopian troops contributing to the African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS).
Beyond security, trade relations are expected to be a key topic of discussion. Ethiopia, a landlocked nation, has long sought access to regional ports to facilitate its growing economy. While the Somaliland agreement remains a contentious issue, discussions in Mogadishu may explore alternative economic partnerships, including strengthening trade routes through Somalia’s ports.
Diplomatic observers view Abiy’s visit as an opportunity to rebuild trust and foster cooperation on mutual interests, balancing Ethiopia’s regional ambitions with Somalia’s territorial integrity. As the leaders engage in high-level talks, the outcome of their discussions could shape the future of Ethiopia-Somalia relations in the years ahead.
