Addis Ababa, January 6, 2025 — Ethiopia mourns the loss of Ato Bulcha Demeksa, a distinguished politician, economist, and businessman, who passed away on January 6, 2025, at the age of 94. Born in 1930 in Boji Birmeji District, Ginbi Zone, Demeksa was a pivotal figure in Ethiopia’s political and economic spheres, leaving a lasting legacy through his extensive career in public service and the private sector.
Ato Bulcha Demeksa was born to Demeksa Senbeto and Nesise Sarda in the Boji Birmeji District of Ginbi Zone. His early life in Ethiopia was marked by a strong commitment to education and public service, values that would later define his professional and personal endeavors. While specific details about his educational background are limited, his appointment as Vice-Minister of Finance in 1967 indicates a solid foundation in economics and governance.
Bulcha Demeksa’s public service career began in earnest in 1967 when he was appointed Vice-Minister of Finance. In this role, he was instrumental in shaping Ethiopia’s financial policies during a period of significant economic development. His expertise and dedication earned him a position on the Board of the World Bank, where he represented Ethiopia and contributed to international economic strategies aimed at fostering growth and stability in developing nations.
The Ethiopian Revolution of 1974 marked a turning point in Demeksa’s career. As political upheaval swept the nation, he chose to leave Ethiopia, seeking stability and continued professional engagement abroad. During his time away from Ethiopia, he was employed by the United Nations administration, where he furthered his commitment to international development and humanitarian efforts.
After returning to Ethiopia in 1991, following the collapse of the Derg regime, Bulcha Demeksa played a crucial role in the transformation of Ethiopia’s financial system. In 1994, he founded the Awash International Bank, which quickly rose to prominence as one of Ethiopia’s leading financial institutions. Under his leadership, Awash Bank became known for its innovative banking solutions and commitment to economic development, contributing significantly to Ethiopia’s financial sector during a time of substantial economic transition.
Demeksa’s tenure at Awash Bank was marked by strategic initiatives that promoted financial inclusion and stability. His vision for the bank emphasized not only profitability but also social responsibility, ensuring that the institution played a role in supporting the broader economic goals of the country.
In early 2005, recognizing the need for a peaceful and democratic alternative to armed resistance, Bulcha Demeksa founded the Oromo Federalist Democratic Movement (OFDM). The OFDM was established as a non-military, democratic political party aimed at providing a platform for the Oromo people to advocate for their rights and interests within Ethiopia’s complex political landscape. Under his leadership, the OFDM grew to become one of Ethiopia’s largest opposition parties, promoting democratic principles and striving for a united and strong Ethiopia.
Demeksa was a vocal critic of Prime Minister Meles Zenawi’s government, often highlighting issues related to governance, human rights, and electoral integrity. His outspoken stance made him a prominent figure in the opposition, frequently cited by international media as a key voice advocating for political pluralism and accountability in Ethiopia.
In addition to his role with the OFDM, Demeksa was instrumental in the formation of Medrek, a larger opposition alliance that sought to unify various opposition groups to enhance their collective influence and effectiveness. Medrek aimed to foster a more inclusive and representative political environment, contributing to the ongoing discourse on governance and democracy in Ethiopia.
In late 2010, Bulcha Demeksa resigned as the chairman of the OFDM, transitioning to an advisory role within the party’s leadership. Despite stepping down from the chairmanship, he remained actively involved in political discourse, continuing to critique government policies and the conduct of the 2010 elections. His critiques were widely covered by both Amharic and English media outlets, underscoring his persistent commitment to transparency and democratic processes in Ethiopia.
In 2019, Demeksa announced his intention to run in the 2020 elections, demonstrating his enduring dedication to public service and his belief in the democratic process. Although the outcome of the 2020 elections is not detailed, his decision to participate reaffirmed his role as a steadfast advocate for political change and democratic governance.
Bulcha Demeksa’s contributions to Ethiopia did not go unnoticed. In 2008, he was named “Person of the Year” by Jimma Times, the online successor to the Afan Oromo private Yeroo newspaper. This accolade recognized his significant work in the financial sector, his advocacy for human rights and democracy, and his efforts as a peace activist mediating between different factions within Ethiopian society. The award highlighted his multifaceted contributions to both economic development and social harmony in Ethiopia.
Beyond his professional achievements, Bulcha Demeksa was known for his exemplary character and integrity. Colleagues and acquaintances often described him as a man of good character who dedicated his life to public service and the betterment of Ethiopia. He was also a devoted father, balancing his demanding career with his responsibilities to his family. His personal sacrifices and unwavering dedication to his family were as commendable as his public endeavors, earning him respect and admiration from those who knew him personally.
The passing of Ato Bulcha Demeksa elicited an outpouring of grief and condolences from various quarters of Ethiopian society. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed expressed his sorrow, acknowledging Demeksa’s significant contributions to Ethiopia’s financial systems and political landscape. Mayor Adanech Abebe and numerous other senior government officials also extended their condolences, highlighting his role in fostering economic development and advocating for democratic principles.
Internationally, organizations and leaders who had interacted with Demeksa over the years also recognized his contributions. His work with the World Bank and the United Nations had left a positive impact on international development efforts, further solidifying his reputation as a dedicated public servant and economist.
Ato Bulcha Demeksa’s career spanned several decades during which Ethiopia underwent substantial political and economic changes. His efforts in both the public sector and as a businessman played a significant role in shaping the country’s development trajectory. As a leader of the OFDM and a key figure in opposition politics, he contributed to the ongoing discourse on governance, democracy, and the rights of Ethiopia’s diverse populations.
Demeksa’s legacy includes the institutions he helped build, such as Awash International Bank, and the political movements he spearheaded, which continue to influence Ethiopia’s path toward unity and economic stability. His commitment to democratic principles and economic development serves as an enduring example for current and future generations of Ethiopian leaders and citizens.
The death of Ato Bulcha Demeksa marks the end of an era for Ethiopian politics and business. His extensive career and unwavering dedication to both the financial sector and political activism left a lasting imprint on the nation’s development. As Ethiopia continues to navigate its future, Demeksa’s contributions will be remembered as integral to the country’s journey toward progress and unity.
May he rest in eternal peace!!!